Which of the following is included in most estimate takeoffs for project bids?

The inclusion of labor in most estimate takeoffs for project bids is essential because labor represents a significant portion of overall project costs. Estimators consider the number of work hours required to complete tasks associated with the project and the varying labor rates based on skill levels and job functions. This enables contractors to predict costs accurately and formulate competitive bids.

In construction estimating, labor calculations factor in not only the wages of workers but also applicable benefits and overhead, which adds to the complexity and importance of accurate labor estimation. Understanding the labor component helps ensure that bids are realistic and aligned with the actual costs expected for project execution.

While design prepared by the client, location audit, and marketing expenses may have relevance in various contexts, they are not standard components of labor estimates in construction project bids. Design pertains more to project specifications and drawings, location audits often relate to feasibility studies, and marketing expenses are typically associated with promotion rather than directly influencing project execution costs.