When calculating the bid, what must be included besides estimated costs?

Including overhead and desired profit in the bid calculation is essential because it ensures that the contractor not only covers the direct costs of the project, such as materials and labor, but also accounts for the overall expenses associated with running a construction business. Overhead costs can include utilities, administrative expenses, insurance, and other indirect costs that are necessary for the operation but are not directly tied to the specific project.

In addition to covering these costs, incorporating a desired profit margin is crucial for the financial sustainability of the business. Without this profit, the contractor cannot maintain operations or invest in future projects. Thus, a comprehensive bid should reflect both the total estimated costs and the contractor's markup to ensure the project remains viable and profitable.